Ruby has a rich set of built-in data types that provide developers with flexible options for storing and manipulating data. Here are some of the most common data types in Ruby:

1. Numbers

        In Ruby, numbers can be represented as integers or floating-point numbers. Integers are whole numbers, while floating-point numbers have a decimal component.

 Here are some examples of working with numbers in Ruby:

Integers 
    # Assign an integer value to a variable
    num1 = 10

    # Perform arithmetic operations
    sum = num1 + 5
    difference = num1 - 3
    product = num1 * 2
    quotient = num1 / 3

    # Use modulo to get the remainder
    remainder = num1 % 3

    # Check if a number is even or odd
    is_even = num1.even? # returns true
    is_odd = num1.odd? # returns false

    # Increment and decrement a number
    num1 += 1 # equivalent to num1 = num1 + 1
    num1 -= 1 # equivalent to num1 = num1 - 1

Floating-Point Numbers

    
	# Assign a floating-point value to a variable
    num2 = 3.14

    # Perform arithmetic operations
    sum = num2 + 2.5
    difference = num2 - 1.2
    product = num2 * 4
    quotient = num2 / 1.5

    # Round a floating-point number to a specific number of decimal places
    rounded_num = num2.round(1) # returns 3.1

    # Convert a floating-point number to an integer
    integer_num = num2.to_i # returns 3

        Working with numbers is a fundamental aspect of programming, and Ruby provides many built-in methods and operators for performing arithmetic operations and working with numerical data

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2. Strings

        Strings are a sequence of characters enclosed in single or double quotes. They can be manipulated in various ways, such as concatenating, splitting, and formatting.

    greeting = "Hello, world!"
    name = "Alice"

3. Booleans

        Booleans represent the truth values true and false. They are often used in conditional statements and loops.

    is_raining = true
    has_car = false

4. Symbols

        Symbols are immutable objects used to represent names or values. They are often used as keys in hashes.

    status = :success
    user_type = :admin

5. Arrays

        Arrays are ordered collections of objects. They can contain any type of object, including other arrays.

      fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
      numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

6. Hashes

        Hashes are collections of key-value pairs. They are unordered and are accessed using their keys.

	person = { name: "Alice", age: 30, city: "New York" }


7. Nil

        nil represents the absence of a value. It is often used to represent uninitialized variables or to indicate that a method did not return a value.

	result = nil

        These are some of the most commonly used data types in Ruby. Knowing how to work with them effectively is essential for building robust and flexible Ruby programs.