A distributed system is a collection of independent computers that work together as a single system to provide a specific functionality. These computers are connected through a communication network, and each computer in the system has its own memory, processors, and other resources. In a distributed system, tasks are divided among different computers, and these computers work together to complete the task.


        Distributed systems are used to solve problems that require more computational power or storage than a single computer can provide. They are also used to provide a high level of availability and fault tolerance, where the failure of one component does not result in the failure of the entire system.

        In a distributed system, communication between different components is essential. Communication can be achieved through different mechanisms, such as message passing, remote procedure calls (RPC), and publish/subscribe systems. The system must ensure that the communication is reliable, and messages are delivered in the correct order.

        Distributed systems can be classified into different types based on their architecture, such as client-server, peer-to-peer (P2P), and cloud computing. Each architecture has its own advantages and disadvantages and is suited for different types of applications.

        Distributed systems also require a high level of security. Security threats and vulnerabilities must be identified, and appropriate measures must be taken to ensure that the system is secure. Authentication and access control, encryption and decryption, and key management are some of the security mechanisms used in distributed systems.

        Distributed systems have become increasingly important in recent years, and they are used in a wide range of applications, from social networks and online marketplaces to sensor networks and Internet of Things (IoT).


Chapter-1 Introduction to Distributed Systems:

  • Definition and scope of distributed systems
  • Challenges of distributed systems
  • Distributed systems architecture

Chapter- 2 Communication in Distributed Systems:

  • Remote procedure calls (RPC)
  • Message passing
  • Publish/subscribe systems
  • Middleware and protocols

Chapter-3 Distributed Systems Models:

  • Client-server model
  • Peer-to-peer (P2P) model
  • Cloud computing
  • Mobile computing

Chapter-4 Distributed System Design:

  • Design patterns for distributed systems
  • Scalability and performance considerations
  • Fault tolerance and reliability

Chapter-5 Distributed Data Management:

  • Data replication and consistency
  • Distributed file systems
  • Distributed databases
  • Big data systems

Chapter-6 Distributed Systems Algorithms:

  • Distributed consensus algorithms
  • Distributed mutual exclusion algorithms
  • Distributed snapshot algorithms
  • Clock synchronization algorithms

Chapter-7 Distributed Systems Security:

  • Security threats and vulnerabilities
  • Authentication and access control
  • Encryption and decryption
  • Key management

Chapter-8 Case Studies and Applications:

  • Distributed systems in social networks
  • Distributed systems in online marketplaces
  • Distributed systems in sensor networks
  • Distributed systems in Internet of Things (IoT)