What is the difference between a module and a package in Python?

        In Python, a module is a single file containing Python code that can be imported and used in other Python programs, while a package is a collection of related modules that are organized into a directory hierarchy.

        A package is essentially a directory that contains one or more Python modules, along with a special file called __init__.py that is executed when the package is imported.

        Here's a comparison of modules and packages in Python:

Feature	Module	Package
Definition	A single file containing Python code that can be imported and used in other Python programs.	A directory that contains one or more Python modules, along with a special file called __init__.py that is executed when the package is imported.
Purpose	To organize and reuse code within a single file.	To organize and reuse code across multiple files and directories.
Import syntax	import module_name or from module_name import variable/function/class	import package_name.module_name or from package_name.module_name import variable/function/class
File extension	.py	.py for modules, and an empty __init__.py file for the package.
Namespace	Each module has its own namespace, which is separate from the namespace of other modules.	Each module within a package has its own namespace, which is separate from the namespace of other modules within the package. The package itself also has its own namespace.
Examples	math, os, random	numpy, pandas, matplotlib

        In summary, modules are used to organize and reuse code within a single file, while packages are used to organize and reuse code across multiple files and directories. Both modules and packages can be imported and used in other Python programs, but they have different import syntax and namespace rules.