In IoT systems, sensor data is typically transmitted wirelessly using communication protocols. 


Some of the most commonly used sensor data communication protocols in IoT are:
  • Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE): Bluetooth Low Energy is a wireless personal area network technology designed for low-power devices. It is commonly used in wearables, health monitoring devices, and home automation systems.
  • Zigbee: Zigbee is a wireless communications protocol built on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. It is designed for low-cost, low-power wireless networks and is commonly used in home automation, building automation, and industrial control systems.
  • Z-Wave: Z-Wave is a wireless communications protocol designed for home automation and control. It uses low-power radio waves to communicate between devices and is compatible with a wide range of devices and applications.
  • Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi is a wireless local area network technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-speed internet and network connections. It is commonly used in smart homes, smart cities, and industrial automation systems.
  • LoRaWAN: LoRaWAN is a long-range, low-power wireless communication protocol that is designed for use in IoT networks. It is ideal for use in remote and rural areas, and for devices that need to communicate over long distances.
  • Narrowband-IoT (NB-IoT): is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) radio technology standard developed by 3GPP to enable a wide range of cellular devices and services. It is designed for the Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication and is optimized for low-cost, long battery life, and secure communications.
        The choice of the protocol will depend on the specific application and requirements, such as data rate, distance, power consumption, and security. Some protocols are better suited for short-range, low-power devices, while others are better suited for long-range, high-power devices.