A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a type of IoT technology that uses a network of small, low-power wireless devices to collect and transmit data from a variety of sensors. These sensors can measure a wide range of physical phenomena, including temperature, humidity, pressure, light, and motion.


        A WSN typically consists of a number of sensor nodes, each of which contains one or more sensors, a microcontroller, and a wireless communication module. The sensor nodes are connected to a base station or gateway, which acts as a bridge between the sensor network and other systems, such as the internet or a local area network.

WSN technology has many applications in IoT, including:
  • Environmental monitoring: WSNs can be used to monitor the environment, such as temperature, humidity, and air quality, in order to detect changes or anomalies.
  • Industrial monitoring and control: WSNs can be used to monitor and control industrial processes, such as machinery and equipment, in order to improve efficiency and reduce downtime.
  • Agriculture: WSNs can be used to monitor soil moisture, temperature and other environmental data, to optimize crop growth.
  • Smart Cities: WSNs can be used to monitor traffic, air quality, and other data in order to improve urban planning and management.
  • Healthcare: WSNs can be used to monitor patient vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure, in order to detect changes and alert healthcare professionals.
        WSNs are particularly useful for applications that require real-time monitoring and control of a large number of devices or sensors. However, WSNs also have some limitations, such as limited range, power consumption, and the need for a reliable communication infrastructure.