The architectural view of IoT can be divided into three main layers: the device layer, the network layer, and the application layer.

  1. Device Layer: This is the physical layer of IoT, where the devices and sensors are located. The devices in this layer collect and transmit data, and may also include actuators to perform actions based on the data received.
  2. Network Layer: This layer connects the devices to the internet and enables communication and data exchange between them. It includes protocols and technologies such as Zigbee, Z-wave, MQTT, and CoAP, which allow devices to communicate with one another and with a central hub or server.
  3. Application Layer: This is the top layer of the IoT architecture, where the data and functionality provided by the devices are consumed by the end-users and applications. This layer includes the IoT platform, which connects and manages the devices, and the data analytics and visualization tools that are used to extract insights from the data collected.
  4. Cloud Layer: This layer is the foundation for IoT, where the data is stored, processed, and analyzed. The cloud also provides services such as scalability, security, and accessibility, which are essential for IoT systems.
  5. Security Layer: This layer is crucial to ensure the security of the IoT system. It includes security protocols, encryption, and authentication to protect the devices, data, and networks from unauthorized access and attacks.
  6. User Interface Layer: This layer provides the user interface for the IoT system, which allows the users to interact with and control the devices, systems, and applications. It also enables the user to access the data and insights generated by the IoT system.